多年生小草本,须根。株高5—20厘米,具细长根茎,杆三棱形,基部生叶。叶线形,长5—20厘米,宽约2毫米,质较硬,常弯卷,叶鞘长2—4厘米。花序单生于杆的顶端,卵圆形或长圆形,淡白色,由数个或十数个小穗组成。长1—1.5厘米。小穗雄雌顺序,卵形或狭卵形。鳞片卵形,具宽膜质边缘,背面中肋绿色,常有突尖;雄花有雄蕊3枚;雌花囊包卵圆 Perennial herb, fibrous roots. Plant height 5-20 cm, with slender rhizomes, rods triangular, basal leaves. Leaves linear, 5-20 cm long, 2 mm wide, harder, often curly, leaf sheath length 2-4 cm. Inflorescences solitary on top of rod, ovoid or oblong, pale white, composed of several or ten spikelets. 1-1.5 cm long. Spikelets male and female order, ovate or narrowly ovate. Scale ovate, with a wide membranous margin, the back of the rib in the green, often sudden tip; male flower stamens 3;