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目的总结分析广东省韶关市1980-2012年疟疾流行特点,为韶关市2014年消除疟疾提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对韶关市1980-2012年疟疾防治总结和中国疾病预防控制中心疾病监测信息报告管理系统的疟疾疫情报告进行分析。结果 1980-2012年韶关市累计共报告疟疾病例3 094例,其中,间日疟3 041例,输入性恶性疟4例,未分型49例;年平均报告疟疾病例94例,年平均疟疾发病率2.78/10万。其中1982年报告疟疾发病最多为651例,年发病率最高为14.13/10万;2006-2011年仅2008年报告1例疟疾病例,其余5年均没有病例报告。1980-2012年,5-11月份报告疟疾病例2 625例,占总病例数的84.84%(2 625/3 094)。男女性别比为4.34∶1。在报告疟疾病例3 094例中,发病年龄主要集中在20~45岁年龄组,共报告疟疾病例2 486例,占总病例数的80.34%。1980-2012年,全市共血检475 337人次,检出疟原虫阳性2 127例次,平均阳性率为0.45%。1980-1994年,居民原虫率调查,共血检31 139人次,检出阳性474例次,阳性率1.52%。结论韶关市1980-2012年疟疾发病逐年下降,20~45岁年龄组是疟疾的好发年龄组;近几年疟疾病例均为输入性病例,疫情平稳。
Objective To summarize and analyze the characteristics of malaria epidemic in Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province from 1980 to 2012, and provide reference for eliminating malaria in Shaoguan City in 2014. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the malaria epidemic situation in Shaoguan City from 1980 to 2012 and the malaria epidemic report of the Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results A total of 3 094 cases of malaria were reported in Shaoguan City from 1980 to 2012. Among them, 3 041 cases of Plasmodium vivax, 4 cases of imported falciparum malaria and 49 cases of untypical cases were reported. 94 cases of malaria were reported on an average yearly basis and the annual average malaria incidence Rate 2.78 / 100000. Among them, the highest incidence of malaria in 1982 was 651 and the annual incidence was up to 14.13 / 100 000. Only 1 case of malaria was reported in 2008-2011 in 2006-2011, and no case was reported in the remaining 5 years. From 1980 to 2012, 2 625 malaria cases were reported in May-November, accounting for 84.84% (2 625/3 094) of the total number of cases. Male to female ratio was 4.34: 1. Of the 3 094 reported cases of malaria, the age of onset mainly concentrated in the 20-45 age group. A total of 2 486 malaria cases were reported, accounting for 80.34% of the total number of cases. Between 1980 and 2012, there were 475,337 total blood tests in the city, with 2 127 positive tests of Plasmodium, the average positive rate was 0.45%. From 1980 to 1994, the survey of protozoan population carried out a total of 31 139 blood tests, with 474 positive tests and a positive rate of 1.52%. Conclusion The incidence of malaria decreased from 1980 to 2012 in Shaoguan City. The incidence of malaria in 20-45 age group was significant in recent years. In recent years, malaria cases were all imported and the epidemic situation was stable.