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背景与目的:全球范围内头颈部恶性肿瘤发病较为常见。该研究描述了2003—2012年上海市头颈部恶性肿瘤的主要发病特征及其变化,为探寻病因学研究线索,制定和评估相关癌症预防、研究与控制的规划和措施提供依据。方法:根据上海市恶性肿瘤患者报告登记系统收集的唇、口腔和咽的恶性肿瘤发病资料,描述2003—2012年的发病概况、性别和年龄分布;对诊断依据、病理类型及诊断时期别等诊断特征进行具体描述,并分析前后5年的变化。结果:2003—2012年,上海全市年均新诊断头颈部恶性肿瘤患者1 105例,占所有部位恶性肿瘤的2.08%,发病率为8.01/10万,标化发病率为4.45/10万,鼻咽癌患者数最多,占50.81%。男性发病率和标化发病率均大于女性。病理诊断比例达到85.77%,病理组织学类型以鳞癌为主,占57.58%。鼻咽癌标化发病率呈现下降趋势。结论:近10年上海头颈部恶性肿瘤发病率较低,男性比女性多发,病理组织学类型以鳞癌为主。鼻咽癌患者约占一半,且发病集中的年龄较年轻,诊断时期别相对较晚。
Background and purpose: The incidence of head and neck cancer worldwide is more common. This study describes the major features and changes of head and neck cancer in Shanghai from 2003 to 2012 and provides evidence for the exploration of clues to etiology and for the development and evaluation of plans and measures for cancer prevention, research and control. Methods: According to the data of the incidence of lip, oral and pharyngeal malignant tumors collected from Shanghai Malignant Tumor Patients Registration System, the incidence, sex and age distribution of 2003 to 2012 were described. The diagnostic criteria, pathological types and diagnosis period Characteristics of the specific description, and analysis of changes in the previous 5 years. Results: From 2005 to 2012, there were 1 105 newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients in Shanghai, accounting for 2.08% of all malignant tumors, the incidence rate was 8.01 / 100000, the standardized incidence rate was 4.45 / 100000, The largest number of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, accounting for 50.81%. Male morbidity and standardized morbidity were greater than females. The proportion of pathological diagnosis reached 85.77%. The main histopathological types were squamous cell carcinoma (57.58%). The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma showed a downward trend. Conclusion: The incidence of head and neck cancer in Shanghai is relatively low in recent 10 years. Men are more frequent than women and squamous cell carcinoma is the main pathological type. About half of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and the incidence of concentrated age younger, relatively late diagnosis.