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西班牙帝国货币制度的遗产不仅是世界经济史上重要的一章,而且对理解前现代货币体系至关重要。16~18世纪,西属美洲的银比索几乎成为国际通用的金属货币。银比索得以在全球交易和流通的原因可以用供求关系的变化来解释。本文第一部分考察西属美洲殖民地时期白银生产的要素,包括矿产资源的位置、资本、劳动力和技术。第二部分侧重于西属美洲铸币局的货币生产。第三部分探讨殖民地时期的白银国际贸易,证明了对银比索作为商品货币的需求是世界性现象。第四部分介绍了银币在美洲也得到广泛使用,无论是在西属美洲还是英国的十三个殖民地。
The legacy of the Spanish imperial monetary system is not only an important chapter in the history of the world economy but also crucial to the understanding of the pre-modern monetary system. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, the silver peso of the West Bank became almost an internationally accepted metal currency. The reasons why silver pesos trade and circulate globally can be explained by the changes in supply and demand. The first part of this paper examines the elements of silver production during the Western Colony in the Americas, including the location of mineral resources, capital, labor and technology. The second part focuses on the currency production of the West American Mint. The third part examines the international trade of silver during the colonial period and proves that the demand for silver pesos as commodity currencies is a worldwide phenomenon. The fourth section describes the silver coin is also widely used in the Americas, whether it is in the West American or British thirteen colonies.