本文定义广义地基为:一般意义下的各种地基以及一结构物对于另一结构物的支承。 以有限元法分析广义地基上的结构物时,通常将一定范围的地基与上部结构物整体地作为研究对象,例如以平面有限元法分析重力坝时,一般将L=2b,甚至L=5H(图1)的部分地基视为弹性体,与坝体一起进行分析计算,最终形成的刚阵体积庞 This article defines the generalized foundation as: a variety of foundations in the general sense and a structure supporting another structure. When the finite element method is used to analyze structures on a broad foundation, a certain range of foundations and superstructures are generally studied as a whole. For example, when the gravity finite element method is used to analyze gravity dams, L=2b or even L=5H. Some of the foundations (Fig. 1) are considered as elastic bodies and are analyzed and calculated together with the dam body.