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旱作条件下,选用4个水地小麦品种与4个旱地小麦品种,采用4×4不完全双列杂交方法配制16个杂交组合。同时将4个旱地亲本进行M 2.5辐射处理,同样采用4×4不完全双列杂交方法配制16个杂交组合。通过对辐射前和辐射后株高构成因素的杂种优势和配合力分析,结果表明:用辐射处理后的突变体作杂交亲本,更有利于改善株高结构,延长灌浆期,提高早熟性。洛优9906是配合力较好的旱地亲本,在育种上有较大的利用价值。辐射处理可以使穗下节的一般配合力方差大幅度提高,而特殊配合力方差大幅度降低,从而使穗下节长能够稳定的传递给F1。辐射使穗下节长、穗长的遗传力下降,而株高、倒2节、倒3节、倒4节、倒5节的遗传力增加。株高、倒2节、倒3节、倒4节、倒5节、扬花期变异受环境的影响较小,属早代选择性状。
Under drought conditions, 4 water-wheat cultivars and 4 dry-land wheat cultivars were selected and 16 hybrid combinations were made by 4 × 4 incomplete diallel cross hybridization. At the same time, four dryland parents were treated with M 2.5 radiation, and 16 hybrid combinations were also made by 4 × 4 incomplete diallel cross hybridization. Based on the analysis of heterosis and combining ability of plant height before and after radiation, the results showed that using radiation-treated mutants as hybrid parents was more beneficial to improve the plant height structure, prolong the filling stage and improve the early maturity. Luoyou 9906 is a dryland parent with good combining ability, which has great utilization value in breeding. Radiation treatment can significantly increase the general combining ability variance of the next section of panicle, while the variance of special combining ability is greatly reduced, so that the spike length can be transmitted to F1 stably. Radiation make the spike length, spike length of heritability decreased, and plant height, down 2, down 3, down 4, down 5 heredity increased. Plant height, down 2, down 3, down 4, down 5, the flowering variation is less affected by the environment, is an early generation of traits.