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本文原载(美)《田径技术年报》(一九八一年),李建业同志就金原勇和饭干明(日)摘要译文转译。 本文详细分析了东德田径强盛的奥秘,认为在于计划的合理性和科学性;学校体育教师和体育俱乐部密切配合,形成发现人才的体系,在12岁前进行3—4年多项训练以评价和开发其适合性,13—15岁开始强化期训练,一方面确定专项,进行4—6年的系统训练, 同时要求在多项上达到一定水平,以培养和扩大专项的能力基础;此后,进入专门的训练期,对经过强化期充实了的运动员进行更加专门化的训练。本文认为,美国的选拔和培养工作不及东德系统,发现迟,培训急,不能充分发挥运动员的潜在能力。认为应该结合本国特点来吸取东德经验。本文认为,应该研究清楚专项所要求的各项基础能力,进行多项能力训练并有计划地进行测定,不仅是正确评价适合性的需要,也是系统开发和培养专项能力的需要。这些观点,可供我们参考。
This article was originally published in the United States, “Track and Field Technology Annual Report” (in 1981), Comrade Li Jian Ye Jin Yong and rice dry (Japan) translation of the translation. This article analyzes in detail the mysteries of the athletic track and field in East Germany, which is believed to be the rationality and scientificity of the program. The school physical education teachers and sports clubs work closely together to form a system of discovering talents. They conducted 3-4 years of training before the age of 12 to evaluate And develop their fitness, 13-15-year-old began intensive training, on the one hand to determine the special, 4-6 years of systematic training, while requiring a number of reached a certain level in order to develop and expand the basis of the special capacity; Since then, Into the special training period, after the intensive period of enrichment of athletes more specialized training. This article argues that the United States has less choice and training than the East German system and found that late training and acute training can not give full play to the potential of athletes. We think that we should draw on the experience of East Germany in light of its own characteristics. This paper argues that it is necessary not only to correctly evaluate the suitability but also to systematically develop and cultivate the special abilities, by studying clearly the basic skills required by the special items, carrying out a number of competency trainings and carrying out the measurements in a planned manner. These views, for our reference.