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目的了解海口市学龄前儿童视力和屈光状况特点,为儿童眼保健工作提供指导意见。方法 2015年6月至2016年10月随机抽查海口20所幼儿园共3 654例(7 308眼)3~6岁儿童的视力和屈光状况。年龄<4岁采用图形视力表检查,≥4岁采用对数视力表,以5分记录法记录视力检查结果,用美国伟伦公司的Suresight视力筛查仪检查屈光状态,通知异常者到眼科门诊再次详细复查。结果海口市学龄前儿童视力异常检出率为16.58%,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=29.75,P<0.05)。随着年龄增长,异常检出率呈下降趋势(χ~2=28.97,P<0.05)。弱视146例,患病率为4.3%。学龄前儿童中主要以单纯远视和复合远视散光类型为主,随年龄增长而减少。结论海口市学龄前儿童视力检出率较高;应早期发现问题,为开展干预和防治提供依据。
Objective To understand the characteristics of vision and refractive status of preschool children in Haikou City and provide guidance for children’s eye health work. Methods From June 2015 to October 2016, the visual acuity and refractive status of 3 654 (7 308 eyes) children aged 3-6 years in 20 nurseries in Haikou were randomly selected. Age <4 years old using chart visual acuity chart, ≥ 4 years old using logarithmic visual acuity chart, 5 minutes record method of visual acuity test results, with the United States Wei Lun company Suresight vision screening apparatus to check refractive status, notify the abnormal to ophthalmology Outpatient review again in detail. Results The positive rate of visual acuity in preschool children in Haikou City was 16.58%. There was a significant difference between different age groups (χ ~ 2 = 29.75, P <0.05). With the increase of age, the rate of anomaly detection showed a downward trend (χ ~ 2 = 28.97, P <0.05). Amblyopia in 146 cases, the prevalence was 4.3%. Preschool children mainly pure hyperopia and compound hyperopia astigmatism type, with decreasing age. Conclusions The preschool children in Haikou have higher visual acuity. The problems should be found early and provide the basis for intervention and prevention.