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早在1927年 Lenk 首次在1例左室壁瘤病人生前的后前位胸片上发现有左冠状动脉钙化。但由于 X 线检查技术的限制,其后的研究发现 X 线检查对冠状动脉钙化(CAC)的检出率很低。60年代起,随着影像增强器及电影 X 线摄影的应用,使以 X 线发现 CAC 的作用大为改观。尤其近些年来对心电图运动试验的进一步研究表明,运动心电图预测冠心病的价值有限,因而 X 线检查 CAC 作为冠心病的一项无创性诊断和预测方法,应予重视。本文拟简述有关 CAC 的 X 线检查、病理及临床研究的概况。
As early as 1927, Lenk first discovered left coronary artery calcification on the anteroposterior chest radiograph of a patient with left-sided aneurysm before his death. However, due to the limitations of X-ray examination, subsequent studies found that X-ray examination of coronary artery calcification (CAC) detection rate is very low. Since the 60’s, with the use of image intensifier and movie radiography, the role of CAC in X-ray discovery has been greatly improved. Especially in recent years, further studies on ECG exercise test show that exercise ECG is of limited value in predicting coronary heart disease. Therefore, X-ray examination of CAC as a noninvasive diagnosis and prediction method of coronary heart disease should be taken seriously. This article is intended to outline the CAC X-ray examination, pathology and clinical research profile.