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一、春季管理(1)春剪:在萌芽后到花期前主要是进行抹芽、疏枝、回缩、刻芽等来缓和树势,增加座果,提高萌芽率,促生中枝、短枝。不过春剪去枝量不大,只是对冬剪的补充。(2)地下追肥:早春施催枝叶肥,以氮肥为主,如尿素、硫酸铵、硝酸铵等。以促进新梢生长,提高座果率和果实产量,促进花芽分化。(3)灌水:早春苹果树萌芽、抽梢开花座果,需要水量较多,春旱时应及时灌水,促进新俏生长,提高座果率,也可减轻春寒、晚霜危害。但灌水不宜过多,以免降低地温。(4)防治病虫害,春季对整个苹果园喷一次3～5度石硫合剂,可预防多种病虫害,杀死多种越冬病菌。腐烂病严重的
First, the spring management (1) Spring cuttings: in the bud to the flowering period is mainly to wipe buds, thinning, retraction, carved buds and so to ease the tree vigor, increase fruit, increase germination rate, promote birth branches, short branch. However, the spring cut to branches is not large, just to add winter scissors. (2) underground dressing: early spring cast iron leaf foliage, with nitrogen-based, such as urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and so on. To promote the growth of new shoots, increase fruit set and fruit yield, promote flower bud differentiation. (3) irrigation: early spring apple tree buds, shoots flowering fruit, need more water, spring drought should be timely irrigation, and promote the growth of new Qiao, to increase the rate of fruit, but also reduce the cold, night frost hazards. However, irrigation should not be too much, so as not to reduce the ground temperature. (4) Prevention and control of pests and diseases, spray a 3 ~ 5 degree lime sulfur mixture on the apple orchard throughout the spring to prevent a variety of pests and diseases and kill a variety of overwintering germs. The disease is serious