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就分子标记技术的概念、种类、优缺点及理想标记基因的特征作了简要概述。重点阐述了现今常用的标记基因的种类、作用原理及使用方法,为直观的检测与跟踪根瘤菌在土壤中的竞争结瘤能力提供了有效的途径。几种标记不同基因的根瘤菌以菌剂形式施入土壤后,对其进行了动态跟踪、生态分布及占瘤率等方面的分析对比。根据分子标记的应用现状对未来发展方向做了展望。
The molecular marker technology concepts, types, advantages and disadvantages, as well as the characteristics of the ideal marker gene is briefly outlined. This article focuses on the types, functions and applications of the commonly used marker genes today, and provides an effective way to detect and track competitive nodulation ability of rhizobium in the soil. After several kinds of rhizobia labeled different genes were applied to the soil in the form of inoculants, their dynamic tracing, ecological distribution and tumor-bearing ratio were analyzed and compared. According to the application status of molecular markers, the future direction of development is prospected.