在化学教学过程中,充分利用探究性实验教学,既是化学课程标准的要求,又是培养学生科学素养的有效途经。然而,在教学的实际工作中如何实施,实施过程中还应当注意哪些问题,笔者认为教学中应注意以下几点:一、科学素养的培养要突出科学方法的培养在化学实验教学中,培养学生科学方法的重要途径是要求学生学会亲自动手做实验,并教会他们正确地运用科学的方法进行实验。1.要让学生在实验中认真观察、勤于思考。特别是思考化学实验中出现的每一个实验现象,特别认真探究那些些新的、书本中未提出的实验现象。指导学生养成善于观察、乐于观察、勤于观察的良好习惯,特别是使学生养成“思维性”观察的良好习惯。为此,在实验教学中我们要求学生特别注意以下几点:(1)要求学生认真观察实验的主要现象和次要现象。例如,学生观察“金属钠跟水反应”的实验,能观察到钠在实验过程中浮于水面,最终熔成一个金属小球并不断地 In the process of chemistry teaching, making full use of exploratory experimental teaching is not only the requirement of chemistry curriculum standard, but also an effective way to cultivate students’ scientific literacy. However, what should be paid attention to in practical teaching and what problems should be paid attention to in the process of implementation? The author thinks that the following points should be paid attention to in teaching: First, the cultivation of scientific literacy should emphasize the cultivation of scientific methods In chemistry experiment teaching, students should be trained An important way of scientific methods is to ask students to learn to do experiments experimentally and to teach them to experiment correctly with scientific methods. 1. Students should be carefully observed in the experiment, diligent in thinking. In particular, think of every experiment that occurs in a chemical experiment, and examine, in particular, those new experimental phenomena that are not presented in the book. Guide students to develop good at observation, willing to observe and diligently observe the good habits, especially to enable students to develop “thinking ” Good habits observed. To this end, in the experimental teaching we require students to pay special attention to the following points: (1) require students to carefully observe the experimental main phenomenon and secondary phenomena. For example, a student observing the experiment of “sodium metal reacts with water” can observe that sodium floats on the surface during the experiment and finally melts into a small metal sphere and continuously