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目的通过分析恩施州2011年手足口病病原体检测结果,了解该病在恩施州的流行特征,为制订预防控制策略提供依据。方法采集恩施州各县(市)报告手足口病患者咽拭子、疱疹液、肛拭子样本,采用荧光PCR技术(Real-time PCR)检测肠道病毒并分型。结果采集检测271份样本,检出阳性标本142份,阳性率52.40%。其中EV71、CA16、其它肠道病毒(EV)阳性标本构成比分别为:阳性50份,阳性率为18.45%;阳性47份,阳性率为17.71%,阳性45份,阳性率16.61%;5月-7月和10月-12月为该病的高发季节,其中6月疫情高峰;4岁以下阳性率为73.94%,4岁以上组为26.06%,P<0.05。结论手足口病在恩施州境内常年发生,夏秋季是高发时期;病原体较为复杂,EV71和CA16为主;4岁以下儿童为高危人群。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Enshi Prefecture in 2011 and provide a basis for the development of prevention and control strategies. Methods Samples of throat swab, herpes fluid and anal swab in hand, foot and mouth disease were collected from counties and cities of Enshi Prefecture. Real-time PCR was used to detect enterovirus and its typing was performed. Results A total of 271 samples were collected and tested, and 142 positive samples were detected. The positive rate was 52.40%. Among them, the positive rate of EV71, CA16 and other enterovirus (EV) positive specimens were 50 positive and 18.45%, respectively; positive 47 and positive 17.71%, positive 45 and positive 61.61% July and October-December were the high incidence of the disease, of which the peak was in June. The positive rate was 73.94% under 4 years old and 26.06% above 4 years old, P <0.05. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease occurs year round in Enshi prefecture, while summer and autumn are the high-incidence period. The pathogens are more complicated, and EV71 and CA16 are the main ones. Children under 4 years old are at high risk.