美国政府有关中国共产党与苏联关系的认识极大地影响了二战后这些年华盛顿的对华政策。国务卿马歇尔担心拥有强大军事力量且亲苏的中共会打破东亚的稳定并危及美国在太平洋地区的安全。为了消除这一威胁,他主张解除中共的武装并将它收编到受美国影响并由国民党控制的改良主义的中国政府中去。然而,中共拒绝放下武器,而国民党也不愿按照美国的路线革新自己。 The American government’s understanding of the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and the Soviet Union has greatly affected Washington’s policy toward China in these years after World War II. Secretary of State Marshall feared that the pro-Soviet Communist Party, with its powerful military forces, will break the stability in East Asia and endanger the security of the United States in the Pacific. In order to eliminate this threat, he advocated the disarmament of the CCP and its incorporation into the reformist Chinese government affected by the United States and controlled by the Kuomintang. However, the CCP refused to lay down its arms and the Kuomintang did not want to reform itself according to the U.S. line.