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本文以青岛胶州湾隧道工程陆域近建筑物段爆破施工为背景,通过对钻爆引起的基岩振动传播规律以及裂隙扩展等研究,从段药量选取、开挖方案选取、起爆方式、起爆网格布置等方面提出了控制爆破振动的技术方案。首先,通过监测得到了平整场地的振动衰减规律,通过萨道夫斯基公式求得设计药量;接着,考虑高程放大效应,对坡形地貌下的萨氏公式进行了修正,得到通用的振动速度预测公式。然后对采用不同起爆方式的波形图进行分析,确定了分段延时起爆方法的优势;最后,对于不同方向裂隙分布情况下的起爆网格的布置进行了详细说明。论文从多个方面揭示了爆破施工过程中控制裂隙扩展以及控制不同地形地貌下地表振动的原理和方法,为类似工程提供了指导依据。
In this paper, based on the blasting construction near Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay tunnel project, through the study of vibration propagation law and crack propagation of bedrock induced by drilling and blasting, from the aspects of section dosage selection, excavation scheme selection, initiation mode, initiation Grid layout and other aspects of the proposed blasting vibration technical solutions. Firstly, the law of vibration attenuation of the flat site was obtained by monitoring, and the design dose was obtained by the formula of Sadovsky. Then, the Saga formula under the slope topography was amended to obtain the universal vibration velocity Prediction formula. Then, the waveforms of different initiation methods are analyzed to determine the advantage of the detonation initiation method. Finally, the detonation grid layout in different directions is described in detail. The dissertation reveals the principle and method of controlling the propagation of cracks in the process of blasting construction and controlling the vibration of the ground surface under different topographic features from many aspects, which provides the basis for similar projects.