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前言外逸电子通常是指从材料表面发射的低能电子(<4eV)而言的。以金属为例,在辐射、摩擦、变形、氧化、吸附及相变等的作用下,从表面能自发或受激发射电子,其能量往往低于表面逸出功。在机理研究上已进行了大量工作,至今却尚无一种能包括所有情况而又令人信服的解释。但是,有一点可以肯定,即当金属表面脆氧化层由于外界作用产生微裂时,外
Introduction Electron emission generally refers to the emission of low-energy electrons (<4eV) from the surface of a material. Taking metal as an example, spontaneously or stimulated emission of electrons from the surface energy under the influence of radiation, friction, deformation, oxidation, adsorption and phase transformation, etc., the energy of which is often lower than that of the surface. A great deal of work has been done on mechanistic studies, but so far there is no convincing explanation to cover everything. However, one thing is certain: when the brittle layer of metal surface is microcracked due to external action,