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康德的先验逻辑与弗雷格的现代逻辑,不但属于不同的逻辑类型,而且建立在相互对立的哲学观点上。然而,这种观点近年来逐渐遭到挑战。我将在本文中继续挑战这种看法,主张先验逻辑与现代逻辑不但没有形成对立,它们在各自的基本结构和哲学基础方面隐藏着某种一致性。康德对现代逻辑的三个基本结构性特征作了奠基性的工作:一,概念和对象的区分;二,命题(句子)成为逻辑分析的起始和基本单位,概念(词)只有在命题中才有意义;三,逻辑的任务是探索逻辑系统的结构,而不仅仅是关注个体词项在推理中的有效性。
Kant’s transcendental logic and Frege’s modern logic are not only of different logical types, but also based on philosophical views that oppose each other. However, this view has gradually been challenged in recent years. I will continue to challenge this view in this article, claiming that transcendental logic and modern logic not only do not form an opposition, they conceal some consistency in their respective basic structures and philosophical foundations. Kant made fundamental contributions to the three basic structural features of modern logic: first, the distinction between concepts and objects; second, propositions (sentences) became the starting and basic units of logical analysis; concepts Third, the logic of the task is to explore the structure of the logical system, rather than just concerned about the validity of individual terms in reasoning.