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目的分析郑州市手足口病的流行特征和病原种类,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2008-2014年郑州市手足口病发病数据,描述其三间分布及病原情况。结果 2008-2014年郑州市共报告手足口病81 184例,平均发病率148.63/10万,死亡26例,病死率0.32‰,重症病例2 086例,占手足口病发病的2.58%。郑州市手足口病有2个发病高峰,2009年、2014年;有明显的季节性,发病集中在每年的3~7月份,占发病的74.94%(60 841/81 184)。男女性别比1.55:1。郑州市手足口病55岁以上无发病,5岁以下报告发病75 366例,占92.83%。2008-2014年郑州市手足口病原构成虽有变化,但每年均以EV71为优势病原。结论郑州市手足口病有2009、2014年2个发病高峰,发病有明显的季节性,EV71为本市手足口病流行毒株优势。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhengzhou City and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The incidence data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhengzhou during 2008-2014 were collected and their distribution and pathogens were described. Results A total of 81 184 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Zhengzhou from 2008 to 2014, with an average incidence of 148.63 / 100 000, 26 deaths, a case fatality rate of 0.32 ‰, and 2 086 severe cases, accounting for 2.58% of HFMD cases. There were 2 peak incidences of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhengzhou City in 2009 and 2014; there was a clear seasonal pattern. The incidence ranged from March to July every year, accounting for 74.94% (60 841/81 184) of the cases. Male to female ratio of 1.55: 1. Hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhengzhou City is over 55 years old without any disease, and 75 366 cases are reported under the age of 5, accounting for 92.83%. Despite changes in the composition of hand, foot and mouth in Zhengzhou City in 2008-2014, EV71 is the predominant pathogen each year. Conclusion HFMD in Zhengzhou has the peak incidence in 2009 and 2014, and the incidence is obviously seasonal. EV71 is the predominant strain of HFMD in our city.