中国工业的腾飞新中国成立以前，中国的工业建设可谓是一片烂摊子──技术水平低下，规模小，产量低。行业大多集中在轻工业，少数采掘、冶金等重工业也基本控制在帝国主义手中。从清末办“洋务”到1949年，全国只积累起124亿元的固定资产，工业品产量少得可怜：1949年纱产量32 The take-off of Chinese industry Before the founding of New China, China’s industrial construction can be described as a mess—with low technology, small scale, and low output. Most of the industries are concentrated in light industry, and a small number of heavy industries such as mining and metallurgy are also basically controlled by the imperialists. From the “Ocean Business” in the late Qing Dynasty to 1949, only 12.4 billion yuan in fixed assets was accumulated across the country, and the output of industrial products was extremely poor: Yarn production in 1949 32