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【裁判要旨】过失相抵规则的适用应当同时考虑受害人的过失、行为与损害之间的因果关系,二者处于同等重要地位。受害人重大过失不应适用过失相抵,对于一般过失的认定,主要以善良管理人为衡量标准,通过确定善良管理人可合理预见损害的基础上,再判断其通常会实施的防免措施,并与受害人的行为进行对照,以判断是否存在过失。因果关系的认定应当考虑受害人行为与损害的发生或扩大之间是否属于通常会引起的关系。当受害人存在一般过失,若其与加害人的过错行为并非造成同一损害,或者加害人系故意所为,则不适用过失相抵规则。
The purpose of the referee The application of the rules of negligence should take into account the causal relationship between the victim’s negligence, acts and damages, both of which are in an equally important position. The major negligence of the victim should not be applied to the negligence of the negligence. The determination of the common negligence is mainly based on the criterion of good manager, and then determine the preventive measures which would normally be implemented by determining that the good administrator can reasonably foresee damage. Victim’s conduct is compared to determine whether there is fault. The determination of causation should consider whether the relationship between the victim’s behavior and the occurrence or enlargement of the damage belongs to the normal relationship. When the victim has a general fault, if it does not cause the same damage as the perpetrator’s fault, or if the perpetrator deliberately acts, the rules of negligence are not applicable.