大多数膀胱肿瘤起源于泌尿道上皮,为移行细胞(尿路上皮)癌,鳞状细胞癌、原发腺癌或小细胞癌比较少见,其余的膀胱癌更少见。然而,有几个不常见的特征性膀胱病变,可能由泌尿道上皮癌分化而来,包括良性和恶性的梭形细胞病变。此综述的第一部分描述了良性肌纤维母细胞的增生(包括炎 Most bladder tumors originate in the urothelium, which are rare for migrating cells (urothelial), squamous cell carcinoma, primary adenocarcinoma or small cell carcinoma, and the remaining bladder cancers are less common. However, there are several uncommon characteristic bladder lesions that may differentiate from urothelial carcinoma, including both benign and malignant spindle cell lesions. The first part of this review describes the proliferation of benign myofibroblasts, including inflammation