建立与实施城市居民最低生活保障制度是城市反贫困的重要举措之一,是救助城市贫困居民的“民心工程”。自1993年6月1日上海市率先建立与实施城市居民最低生活保障制度以来,到1999年9月,全国已有668个城市、1693个县建立与实施了这一制度。《城市居民最低生活保障条例》的颁布实行,则标志着我国城市居民最低生活保障制度的建设已纳入法制化的轨道。建立一套科学有效的运行机制,对于落实和完善“低保”制度,推进城市反贫困的进程,意义重大。笔与认为,规范管理和加强监督是建立有效运行机制的关键因素。 政府一方面保障贫困人口的基本生活权益,另一方面还要保证有限的社会救助款额能真正用到最需要的人身上,力求做到:该得到的一个不能漏,而不该得到的一 Establishing and implementing the minimum living guarantee system for urban residents is one of the important measures for urban anti-poverty and is the “popular project” to help the urban poor residents. Since June 1, 1993, Shanghai took the lead to establish and implement the minimum living security system for urban residents, as of September 1999, 668 cities and 1,693 counties nationwide have established and implemented this system. The promulgation and implementation of the “Minimum Living Standard for Urban Residents” indicates that the construction of the minimum living security system for urban residents in China has been incorporated into the legal system. Establishing a set of scientific and effective operation mechanism is of great significance to the implementation and improvement of the “dibao” system and the promotion of anti-poverty in the city. The author believes that standardizing management and strengthening supervision are the key factors in establishing an effective operating mechanism. On the one hand, the government guarantees the basic living rights and interests of the poor and on the other hand, it ensures that the limited amount of social assistance can really be used by the people who need it most, and strives to achieve the goal of getting one that can not be missed but should not be obtained