论文部分内容阅读
中日两国同属汉字文化圈。自古以来,两国在政治、经济、文化等方面相互都有很大影响,特别是语言文化方面的交流,源远流长,中国的汉字对日本影响甚深。日本第一部史书《古事记》,通篇都是用汉字写成的。现代,日语规范的表记方式虽已演变成汉字与假名共用的形式,但从宪法、政府命令到学校的教科书、报纸和包括幼儿读物在内的各类书籍以至商务合同、国民的一般信件都离不开汉字。在社会生活和言语交际活动中,汉字和汉语词享有很高的地位,特别是日本的中老年人,对汉字有一种特殊的亲近感,甚而可以说是崇拜。在他们看来,文章中使用汉字的多少,反映着笔者文化层次的高低。在比较正式的交际场合,有时使用汉语词比和语(日本固有词汇)要高雅得多。可见汉字文化已渗透到日本的历史、政治、经济、文化、教育等各方面以及国民生活的各个角落。汉字文化包括的方面之广,内容多,内涵丰富,不是一两篇文章所能表达的。因此,本文只想介绍日语中汉字的传入、汉字的改革及现代日语中常用汉字一些情况。
Both China and Japan belong to the Chinese cultural circle. Since ancient times, the two countries have had a great influence on each other in political, economic and cultural fields. In particular, the exchange of languages and cultures has a long history and the Chinese characters in China have a profound impact on Japan. Japan’s first history book “Ancient Things”, all of them are written in Chinese characters. Although modern and Japanese normative forms have evolved into a common form of Chinese characters and katakana, the texts of the Constitution, government orders, school textbooks, newspapers, books of all kinds, including children’s books, commercial contracts, and national letters Can not be separated from Chinese characters. In social activities and verbal communication activities, Chinese characters and Chinese words enjoy a high status. In particular, the middle-aged and elderly people in Japan have a special sense of closeness to Chinese characters, and can even be regarded as worship. In their opinion, the number of Chinese characters used in the article reflects the author’s cultural level. In more formal communication situations, it is sometimes much more elegant to use Chinese words than Japanese words (Japanese inherent words). It can be seen that the culture of Chinese characters has permeated all aspects of Japan’s history, politics, economy, culture, education and other aspects of national life. Chinese culture includes a wide range of aspects, content, rich in content, not one or two articles can express. Therefore, this article only wants to introduce the introduction of Chinese characters in Japanese, the reform of Chinese characters and some common characters in modern Japanese.