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目的:探索充气压和运行频率等工作特性对大功率脉管制冷机最低制冷温度、制冷量以及回热器温度不均匀性的影响,期望进一步提升制冷机工作性能。方法:1.通过理论计算模拟工作频率在40–70 Hz,充气压力在1.5–2.5 MPa下工作特性对制冷机性能的影响;2.实验研究充气压力为1.7–2.4 MPa,并在谐振频率附近工作时制冷机性能以及回热器温度不均匀性随充气压力、运行频率以及输入功率的变化。结论:1.制冷机运行在1.9–2.1 MPa充气压力下,因平衡了制冷温度和焓流损失,故能取得优异性能,且每一个充气压力对应一个最优的工作频率;2.通过优化充气压力和工作频率,脉管制冷机能够达到46.9 K的最低制冷温度,此时工作频率为56.5 Hz,充气压力为2.0 MPa。在8.9 k W输入功率下制冷机能够在72 K时提供304 W制冷量。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of operating characteristics such as inflation pressure and operating frequency on the minimum refrigeration temperature, cooling capacity and temperature non-uniformity of regenerator in high-power pulse tube refrigerator, and to further improve the performance of the refrigerator. The effects of operating characteristics at 40-70 Hz and inflation pressure at 1.5-2.5 MPa on the performance of the refrigerator were simulated theoretically.2. Experimental studies The inflation pressure was 1.7-2.4 MPa and was near the resonance frequency Refrigerant performance at work and regenerator temperature inhomogeneity vary with inflation pressure, operating frequency, and input power. Conclusions: 1. The refrigerator runs at 1.9-2.1 MPa inflation pressure, excellent performance can be achieved due to the balance of refrigeration temperature and enthalpy loss, and each inflation pressure corresponds to an optimal working frequency. 2. By optimizing the inflation Pressure and operating frequency, the pulse tube refrigerator can reach a minimum cooling temperature of 46.9 K at which time the operating frequency is 56.5 Hz and the charging pressure is 2.0 MPa. The refrigerator delivers 304 W of cooling capacity at 72 K at 8.9 kW input power.