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分析了高速公路出入口区域交通流特性及事故原因,以车辆临界减速度和不安全度为基础,将危险程度由二维矢量转化为一维标量,提出了以制动减速度和不安全密度指数作为出入口区域行车风险评价指标,建立了行车风险评价模型。根据安全风险管理规定与人机工程学原理,确定了风险等级和评价标准;基于大量试验数据,提出了高速公路出入口区域主线行车控制标准建议值。分析结果表明:不限速时,整个出口区域行车风险处于中等;限速为65 km.h-1时,出口区域行车风险均降至低等,出口区域平均风险值最小,不安全密度指数峰值从0.112减小到0.064,下降了42.86%;限速分别为55、50 km.h-1时,出口区域行车风险反而增至高等,不安全密度指数峰值分别为0.125和0.121。可见,限速65 km.h-1的措施最有效。
Based on the analysis of the traffic flow characteristics at the entrance and exit of the expressway and the causes of the accident, based on the critical deceleration and unsafe vehicle, the dangerous degree is converted from two-dimensional vector to one-dimensional scalar, and the braking deceleration and unsafe density index As a driving risk assessment indicator in the entrance and exit area, a traffic risk assessment model was established. According to the rules of safety risk management and ergonomics, the risk level and evaluation criteria are determined. Based on a large number of test data, the proposed control standards of main line at the entrance and exit of expressway are proposed. The results show that: when the speed is not limited, the driving risk in the whole exit area is medium; when the speed limit is 65 km.h-1, the driving risk in the exit area is reduced to the lowest, the average risk value in the exit area is the smallest, and the unsafe density index peak From 0.112 to 0.064, a decrease of 42.86%. In the case of speed limits of 55 and 50 km · h-1, the traffic risk in the export area increased to a higher level while the unsafe density index peaks were 0.125 and 0.121 respectively. As can be seen, the measures of speed limit 65 km.h -1 are the most effective.