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目的了解超重、肥胖对儿童心血管系统及肺功能的影响,为成年期疾病早期预防提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样法,选取太原市某小学四～六年级804名学生,用BMI指数诊断标准确定肥胖组52人,超重组61人,对照组58人。通过测量3组不同人群的心电图、血压、肺活量指标,观察其间的变化规律。结果经方差分析,肥胖、超重组肺活量指数低于对照组(P<0.01),血压高于对照组(P<0.01)。体质量指数(BMI)与血压呈正相关,与肺活量指数呈负相关。χ2检验显示,3组间窦性心动过速检出率差异有统计学意义,肥胖组高于对照组。结论超重、肥胖能导致儿童肺活量下降,血压增高,心动过速发生率增高。
Objective To understand the effects of overweight and obesity on cardiovascular system and pulmonary function in children and provide scientific basis for early prevention of adult diseases. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, 804 students from grade 4 to grade 6 in a primary school of Taiyuan were selected. 52 patients in obesity group, 61 in overweight group and 58 in control group were determined by diagnostic criteria of BMI index. By measuring the ECG, blood pressure and vital capacity of three different groups of people, we observed the change law between them. Results By ANOVA, the vital capacity index of obesity and overweight group was lower than that of the control group (P <0.01), and the blood pressure was higher than that of the control group (P <0.01). Body mass index (BMI) was positively correlated with blood pressure and negatively correlated with vital capacity. χ2 test showed that the detection rate of sinus tachycardia between the three groups was statistically significant, obese group was higher than the control group. Conclusions Overweight and obesity can lead to decreased lung capacity, increased blood pressure and increased tachycardia in children.