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目的:了解大连市5岁以下儿童意外死亡的分布及变化趋势,制定有效预防措施,降低死亡率。方法:对全市城乡2001～2005年0～4岁儿童死亡监测数据和资料进行统计、分析。结果:5年来大连市5岁以下儿童意外死亡死因顺位为:意外窒息、交通意外、意外跌落、溺水、意外中毒、其它意外。5岁以下儿童意外死亡发生率城乡比较,分别为26.9%、73.1%,差异显著。除意外跌落城市略高于农村外,其它意外死亡农村均高于城市;意外窒息主要发生在婴儿组,而交通意外、意外跌落等其它意外死亡多发生在1～4岁年龄组。结论:意外死亡是危害儿童健康的主要卫生问题。加强小儿安全管理,重视基层卫生人员健康教育、提高医疗救治水平等,是降低儿童意外死亡率的有效措施。
Objective: To understand the distribution and trend of accidental death of children under 5 in Dalian, to develop effective preventive measures and reduce the mortality rate. Methods: Statistics and analysis were made on the death monitoring data and data of children aged 0 ~ 4 years in urban and rural areas from 2001 to 2005. Results: The causes of accidental death in children under 5 in Dalian in 5 years were: accidental suffocation, traffic accidents, accidental falls, drowning, accidental poisoning and other accidents. The incidence of accidental death among children under 5 years of age was 26.9% and 73.1% respectively, showing significant differences. Except for accidental drop-off, the urban area was slightly higher than that of the rural areas. Other unintentional deaths were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The accidental suffocation mainly occurred in infants groups. Other accidents such as traffic accidents and accidental falls occurred in the age group of 1 to 4 years. Conclusion: Accidental death is a major health problem that affects children’s health. Strengthening child safety management, attaching importance to the health education of grassroots health personnel and raising the level of medical treatment and treatment are effective measures to reduce the accidental death rate of children.