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红花油系菊科植物红花Carthamus tincloriusL,种子所提出的脂肪油,其主要成分为软脂酸、硬脂酸、油酸及亚油酸等脂肪酸的甘油酯,其中亚油酸甘油酯含量高达80%,远远超出常见的一些植物油。我们用红花油作了对小鼠实验性高胆固醇血症影响的初步观察。结果表明:对于高胆固醇血症的小鼠,饲喂30天加4%红花油的普通饲料,血清胆固醇由治疗前的226.48±12.43mg%下降到148.13±10.87mg%(P<0.001),下降了36%;肝胆固醇由12.55mg/g下降到5.25mg/g,下降58%;肝脏甘油三酯由37.7mg/g下降至26.38mg/g,下降30%。但另一方面,实验又表明,对于健康小鼠,饲喂30天加4%红花油的高脂饲料,血胆固醇为280.22±9.14mg%,而饲喂高脂饲料的对照组为:226.48±12.43mg%(P<0.005),由此可见,红花油虽有降血脂、肝脂作用,但是进食高脂饲料并同时给以多不饱和脂肪酸比单纯进食高脂饲料可以引起更高的血胆固醇水平。这一结果的产生可能是由于饱和脂肪和不饱和脂肪均有促进胆固醇合成,吸收的作用所致。
The safflower oil belongs to the family Carthamus tinclorius L. The fat oil proposed by the seeds is mainly composed of glycerides of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, among which the linoleic acid glyceride content Up to 80%, far more common than some vegetable oils. We used safflower oil as an initial observation of the effect of experimental hypercholesterolemia in mice. The results showed that serum cholesterol decreased from 226.48±12.43mg% before treatment to 148.13±10.87mg% (P<0.001) in hypercholesterolemic mice fed a common diet supplemented with 4% safflower oil for 30 days. A decrease of 36%; liver cholesterol decreased from 12.55 mg/g to 5.25 mg/g, a decrease of 58%; liver triglyceride decreased from 37.7 mg/g to 26.38 mg/g, a decrease of 30%. On the other hand, the experiment also showed that for healthy mice, blood cholesterol was 280.22±9.14mg% in high-fat diet fed with 4% safflower oil for 30 days, while the control group fed with high-fat diet was: 226.48 ±12.43 mg% (P<0.005). It can be seen that although safflower oil has lipid-lowering and hepatic lipid effects, eating high-fat diets and simultaneously giving polyunsaturated fatty acids can cause higher levels than eating high-fat diets alone. Blood cholesterol levels. This result may be due to the role of both saturated and unsaturated fats in promoting cholesterol synthesis and absorption.