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针对某汽车发罩内板,通过三维软件设计零件的工艺补充面和压料面,并借助数值模拟软件对成形工艺参数进行优化分析。首先采用单因素变量法寻找较好的模拟结果,然后采用正交试验方法对拉延成形的压边力、压机速度和摩擦因数3个因素进行试验设计,各因素的取值范围依据单因素实验确定。零件质量控制中主要考虑最大减薄率、最大增厚率和起皱趋势3个因素。其中最大减薄率和最大增厚率通过软件后处理直接查看,起皱趋势的评价采用起皱评判函数通过编程计算。多目标优化得出最优的参数组合为:压边力为1.4×106N,压机速度为20 mm·s-1和摩擦因数为0.15。利用优化所得参数进行试模,结果表明,零件的板料流入量和数值模拟结果吻合。
Aiming at the inner panel of a certain car, the technical supplement surface and pressure surface of the part are designed by 3D software, and the forming process parameters are optimized by numerical simulation software. First of all, the single-factor variable method was used to find the better simulation results. Then the orthogonal design was used to design the blank holder force, press speed and friction factor of the drawing process. The range of each factor was based on single factor Experimentally determined. Parts quality control mainly consider the maximum reduction rate, the maximum rate of thickening and wrinkling trend of three factors. Among them, the maximum thinning rate and the maximum thickening rate are directly observed by software post-processing, and the evaluation of the wrinkle trend is calculated by using the wrinkle judgment function. The optimal combination of parameters for multi-objective optimization is: the blank holder force is 1.4 × 106N, the press speed is 20 mm · s-1 and the friction coefficient is 0.15. The parameters of the optimized test were used to test the model. The results show that the inflow of the part is in good agreement with the numerical simulation.