改革开放以来,“效率优先,兼顾公平”是我国分配制度改革的基本政策导向。毋庸置疑,改革开放20多年来,我国在分配制度改革过程中,效率得到普遍重视,公平则日益成为被社会成员广泛关注的重大问题。贫富和收入差距扩大化、显性化与阶层化是无法回避的基本现实,也是诸多社会矛盾产生、激化的根源。因此,在党的十七大上,党中央提出了构建社会主义和谐社会的奋斗目标。所以,在社会主义市场经济体制下怎样实现效率与公平的和谐统一,应当成为学术界和政策研究部门关注和研究的焦点。 Since the reform and opening up, “giving priority to efficiency and giving consideration to fairness” are the basic policy guidelines for the reform of the distribution system in our country. Undoubtedly, over 20 years of reform and opening up, efficiency has gained universal attention in the process of the reform of the distribution system in our country. Equity has increasingly become a major issue that has drawn widespread public concern. The expansion of the gap between the rich and the poor and the income, the dominance and stratification are the unavoidable basic realities and the root causes of many social conflicts. Therefore, at the 17th CPC National Congress, the Party Central Committee has set forth the goal of building a harmonious socialist society. Therefore, how to realize the harmony and unification of efficiency and fairness under the socialist market economic system should become the focus of attention and research by academics and policy research departments.