建立社会主义市场经济体制的一个重要基础是现代企业制度,它的本质特征就是“产权清晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理科学”。这四个方面是相互联系、密不可分的,它所体现的一个基本关系就是机制与管理的关系。它表明,没有能够组织起有效竞争和促进资源优化配置的市场体制,没有一个自主经营、自负盈亏、自我发展和自我约束的企业 An important foundation for the establishment of a socialist market economic system is the modern enterprise system. Its essential characteristics are “clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, separation of government and enterprises, and management science”. These four aspects are interrelated and inseparable. The basic relationship it embodies is the relationship between mechanism and management. It shows that there is no market system that can organize effective competition and promote the optimal allocation of resources. There is no enterprise that operates autonomously, assumes its own profits and losses, develops itself, and restricts itself.