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[目的]研究施氮量和拔节期不同测墒补灌量对冬小麦的产量及构成因子、植株氮素吸收的影响。[方法]采用土壤目标相对含水量和施氮量3×3完全均衡方案和裂区设计,土壤目标相对含水量设3个水平,分别为拔节期60%(W1)、70%(W2)和80%(W3),施氮量设3个水平,分别为施纯氮0 kg/hm2(N0)、195 kg/hm2(N195)和255 kg/hm2(N255),以周麦18为供试材料。[结果]拔节期测墒补灌和施氮对小麦产量及其构成因子、植株氮素积累量均有显著或极显著影响。补灌量和施氮量对穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、产量和植株氮积累量的交互效应均达显著或极显著水平,在不同水氮处理组合中,以W2N195产量最高,而以W1N255产量最低。[结论]随着补灌量的增加,相应地降低氮肥用量有利于增加穗数、穗粒数、产量和植株氮素积累量,降低施氮对千粒重的负效应。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of different irrigation and furfural irrigation amounts on the yield and components of winter wheat and the nitrogen absorption of plants at the jointing stage. [Method] The relative water content of soil target was set at 3 levels of 60% (W1), 70% (W2) and 70% (W2) at the jointing stage using 3 × 3 complete equilibrium scheme and split zone design of soil target relative water content and nitrogen application rate (W3) and three levels of nitrogen application rate were 0 kg / hm2 (N0), 195 kg / hm2 (N195) and 255 kg / hm2 (N255) material. [Result] The effects of soil moisture supplementation and nitrogen fertilization at jointing stage on wheat yield and its components and nitrogen accumulation of plants had significant or extremely significant effects. The interaction effect of supplementary irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate on spike number, grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight, yield and nitrogen accumulation of plant reached significant or extremely significant level. The highest yield of W2N195 was in different combinations of water and nitrogen treatment, while W1N255 The lowest yield [Conclusion] With the increase of the amount of supplementary irrigation, correspondingly reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer was beneficial to increasing panicle number, grains per spike, yield and plant nitrogen accumulation, and reducing the negative effect of nitrogen fertilizer on 1000-grain weight.