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[目的]观察亚慢性染毒偏钒酸钠对大鼠脑生长发育及海马、皮质、纹状体的细胞凋亡的影响。[方法]21日龄健康雄性SD大鼠49只,随机分为对照组(n=12)及低(n=12)、中(n=12)、高(n=13)染钒组[偏钒酸钠(Na VO3)0.5、1.0、2.0 mg/m L]。饮水染毒3个月后,取脑测脏器系数,并观察海马、皮质和纹状体组织学变化。流式细胞仪检测海马、皮质和纹状体的细胞凋亡率。[结果]低钒组(0.466±0.077)、中钒组(0.470±0.058)、高钒组(0.712±0.262)的大鼠脑脏器系数高于对照组(0.392±0.023)(P<0.05),且高钒组高于低、中染钒组(P<0.05)。HE染色显示,染钒组海马、皮质、纹状体均出现组织疏松、水肿和毛细血管扩张,部分可见神经细胞嗜酸性变,神经元凋亡及噬神经现象。在海马组织,中染钒组(7.45%,7.55%)、高染钒组(14.30%,15.00%)的早期凋亡率和总凋亡率高于对照组(1.65%,1.75%),高染钒组高于低染钒组(4.10%,4.10%)(P<0.01);在纹状体组织,中染钒组(9.50%,9.80%)、高染钒组(13.55%,14.65%)的早期凋亡率和总凋亡率高于对照组(2.15%,2.35%)(P<0.01);在皮质组织,中染钒组(10.65%,11.10%)、高染钒组(16.75%,17.40%)早期凋亡率和总凋亡率高于对照组(3.15%,3.15%),高钒组高于低钒组(8.30%,8.55%)(P<0.01),中染钒组(0.45%)、高染钒组(0.50%)晚期凋亡率高于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]亚慢性染钒可导致海马、皮质、纹状体神经细胞凋亡,影响大鼠脑生长发育。
[Objective] To observe the effects of sub-chronic sodium metavanadate on the growth of rat brain and the apoptosis of hippocampus, cortex and striatum. [Methods] A total of 49 healthy male SD rats aged 21 days were randomly divided into control group (n = 12), low (n = 12) Sodium vanadate (Na VO3) 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg / m L]. After drinking water for 3 months, the organ coefficients of the brain were measured and histopathological changes of hippocampus, cortex and striatum were observed. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis rate in hippocampus, cortex and striatum. [Result] Compared with the control group (0.392 ± 0.023), the coefficient of brain organ in low vanadium group (0.466 ± 0.077), moderate vanadium group (0.470 ± 0.058) and high vanadium group (0.712 ± 0.262) , And high vanadium group was higher than low, medium vanadium group (P <0.05). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining showed that there was loose tissue, edema and telangiectasia in the hippocampus, cortex and striatum of the vanadium-exposed group. Some of them showed eosinophilic changes of neurons, apoptosis of neurons and autonomic nervous system. In the hippocampus, the early apoptotic rate and the total apoptotic rate were higher in the medium-vanadium group (7.45%, 7.55%) and the high-dye-vanadium group (14.30%, 15.00%) than those in the control group (1.65%, 1.75% The levels of vanadium in the dye-treated group were significantly higher than those in the low-dye-vanadium group (4.10%, 4.10%, P <0.01) ) Were higher than those in the control group (2.15%, 2.35%) (P <0.01). In the cortical tissues, there were no significant differences in the rates of early apoptosis and total apoptosis in the control group (10.65%, 11.10% % And 17.40%, respectively). The rates of early apoptosis and total apoptosis were higher in the high-vanadium group than in the low-vanadium group (8.30%, 8.55%, P <0.01) Group (0.45%), high dye-vanadium group (0.50%) late apoptosis rate was higher than the control group (P <0.01). [Conclusion] Chronic exposure to vanadium can induce neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, cortex and striatum and affect rat brain growth and development.