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目的 为了探索形态定量在病理学诊断中的有效指标参数。方法 将分形分析理论引入食管癌研究中，应用“分形分析系统”观察人食管癌发展过程中细胞核的变化。结果 发现各级食管癌细胞核边界的分形维数均大于其拓扑维数，即它们都具有分形特征，并且除原位癌与Ⅰ级鳞癌细胞核分维值之间差异无显著性外，其余各级癌之间分维值的差异都有显著性。结论 提示分形维数可定量地描述细胞核形态的不规则程度，分形分析为肿瘤细胞的病理学鉴别诊断提供了一种定量指标，具有一定实践意义。
Objective To explore the effective index parameters of morphological quantification in pathological diagnosis. Methods Fractal analysis theory was introduced into the study of esophageal cancer. A “fractal analysis system” was used to observe changes in the nucleus during the development of human esophageal cancer. The results showed that the fractal dimension of the nuclear boundary of esophageal cancer cells at all levels was greater than the topological dimension, that is, they all had fractal features, and the differences were not significant except for the nuclear dimension of carcinoma in situ and grade I squamous cell carcinoma. The difference in fractal dimension between graded cancers was significant. Conclusion It is suggested that the fractal dimension can quantitatively describe the irregular degree of nuclear morphology. Fractal analysis provides a quantitative index for pathological differential diagnosis of tumor cells and has certain practical significance.