美国当代翻译理论家奈达 (E.A.Nida)曾给翻译下了一个定义。他说;“所谓翻译,是指从语义到文体在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原文的信息。”在这段话中,奈达提出了翻译的两个最重要的问题。第一,说出了翻译的本质和任务,奈达正确地指出翻译就是用译语再现原语的信息。需要补充的是,“信息”在这儿应该包括原语传达出来的各种信息:除语义的、文体的之外,文学作品还应包括形象上的、情景的以及心理效果方面的等等,同时也包括作品本身成功的或不成功方面的信息。第二,指明了翻译的方法,即“用最切近而又最自然的对等语”来再现原文的信息。在这里,“对等语”是十分重要的,它涉及到了翻译的对等原则。怎样才算对等?对这个问题有不同的意见,但比较概括的看法是:译文对使用译文语 The American contemporary translation theorist E.A. Nida gave a definition of translation. He said: “The so-called translation refers to the translation of the original text from the semantics into the most similar and most natural equivalents in the target language.” “In this passage, Nida proposed two translations The most important question. First, the nature and the task of translation are stated. Nida rightly points out that translation is the reproduction of the original message in the target language. It should be added that ”information “ here should include a variety of information conveyed by primitives: In addition to the semantic and stylistic aspects, literary works should also include the aspects of image, scene and psychological effect, etc. , But also information on the successful or unsuccessful aspects of the work itself. Second, the method of translation is specified, that is, ”to use the closest and most natural equivalents“ to reproduce the original message. Here, ”equivalence " is very important, it involves the translation of the principle of reciprocity. How to count as equal? ​​There are different views on this issue, but the more general view is that the translation of the use of target language