美国犹太作家索尔·贝娄的著作经常以描写犹太人根深蒂固的幸存内疚感为中心。本文以他的自传式小说《洪堡的礼物》为例,简述造成幸存者内疚的原因、由此引发的自嘲以及内疚感带来的积极正面功效。 The writings of the American Jewish writer Saul Bellow often center on the description of Jewish persistence of guilt. Taking the gift of Humboldt in his autobiographical novel as an example, this article briefly describes the causes of the guilt of survivors, the self-deprecation caused by them and the positive and positive effects brought by guilt.