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目的研究母乳喂养时间与女性高血压患病风险的相关性。方法 2015年4月至2015年6月,在北京市丰台3个社区卫生服务中心(卢沟桥、大红门和蒲黄榆社区卫生服务中心)的辖区内,随机整群抽取3477名40岁以上经产妇女。收集研究对象的基本信息、疾病史、生活方式、母乳喂养情况等信息,并进行人体学测量(血压、腰围、臀围)。采用多因素Logistic回归和Cox比例风险回归分析母乳喂养时间与女性高血压患病的关系。结果高血压1059例,患病率为30.4%。随着母乳喂养时间的增加,高血压患病率呈降低趋势(P=0.003)。Cox比例风险回归模型分析结果显示,调整年龄、体质量指数、文化程度、吸烟、高血压家族史、初潮年龄、生育年龄和绝经年龄等因素后,母乳喂养0个月的高血压发生风险是母乳喂养时间>12个月的1.46倍(95%CI1.24~1.71)。结论母乳喂养可能降低女性患高血压的风险。
Objective To study the correlation between breastfeeding time and the risk of female hypertension. Methods From April 2015 to June 2015, 3477 women over the age of 40 were selected randomly from a cluster in the districts of Fengtai 3 Community Health Service Centers (Lugouqiao, Dahongmen and Puhuangyu Community Health Service Center) in Beijing. Basic information, history of illness, lifestyle, breastfeeding status and other information were collected and anthropological measurements (blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference) were collected. The relationship between breastfeeding time and the prevalence of hypertension in women was analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results 1059 cases of hypertension, the prevalence was 30.4%. With the increase of breastfeeding time, the prevalence of hypertension showed a decreasing trend (P = 0.003). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the risk of hypertension at 0 months of breastfeeding was breast milk after adjusting for factors such as age, body mass index, education level, smoking, family history of hypertension, menarche age, childbearing age and menopause age Feeding time> 1.46 times of 12 months (95% CI 1.24-1.71). Conclusion Breastfeeding may reduce the risk of hypertension in women.