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本文报道了紫背天葵种子、种胚异形苗及试管苗叶片的脱分化和植株再生的三种类型:(1)通过愈伤组织分化形成植株。(2)促使无菌苗叶片产生多生长中心,从而长成小植株。(3)由愈伤组织分化根后再分化出芽而成植株。在以 SH 培养基附加0.5 ppm 2,4-D、2ppmP-CPA、0.1ppmKT 和 MS 培养基附加0.1ppm 2,4-D、2.5ppm NAA、0.25ppm KT 得到愈伤组织。比较了不同浓度的 2,4-D 和不同浓度的蔗糖对愈伤组织发生的效应,得出1ppm2,4-D 效果好,蔗糖以3%为宜。发现愈伤组织来源于 MS 及用 MS 为基础的分化培养基,分别比来源于 SH 及用 SH 为基础的分化培养基的分化效率高。比较试验了 BA 和2ip 的分化效率,在0.25—2ppm 范围内 BA 对紫背天葵愈伤组织分化效率高。细胞学实验表明,叶片长出的小植株起源于表皮细胞。利用试管无菌苗叶片直接诱导植株的方法,可作为快速无性繁殖紫背天葵的手段。
In this paper, three types of dedifferentiation and plant regeneration of A. japonicum seed, embryo-shaped seedlings and in vitro plantlets were reported: (1) Plants were formed by callus differentiation. (2) to promote the emergence of aseptic seedling leaves multiple growth centers, which grow into small plants. (3) The callus differentiated from the root and then differentiated bud plants. Callus was obtained with addition of 0.5 ppm 2,4-D, 2 ppm P-CPA, 0.1 ppm KT and MS media to SH medium supplemented with 0.1 ppm 2,4-D, 2.5 ppm NAA, 0.25 ppm KT. The effects of 2,4-D and sucrose at different concentrations on the callus were compared. The results showed that 1ppm 2,4-D had good effect and 3% sucrose was suitable. The callus was found to be derived from both MS and MS-based differentiation media with higher differentiation efficiency than SH and SH-based differentiation media, respectively. The efficiency of differentiation of BA and 2ip was comparatively tested, and BA had high differentiation efficiency to A. californica callus in the range of 0.25-2ppm. Cytological experiments show that the plantlets that grow from the leaves originate in the epidermal cells. The method of inoculating the plant directly by using the sterile tube seedling of the test tube can be used as a means of rapidly propagating the vegetatively vegetative ametropius.