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本文用环境心理学的研究方法,研究视觉显示器件(简称CRT或VDU)环境的视觉效果。通过对计算机房的实测和主观评价,以数理统计的处理手法,对影响操作人员视效能的诸因素进行了分析,认为屏幕对比度C=f(E_1,L_0)是单调减函数,若忽略光源在屏上的像所造成反射眩光的影响,屏幕对比度随屏幕照度衰减的函数形式为C=f(1/E_1),不论正对比还是负对比都单调减,但负对比较正对比衰减的慢;CRT环境照度水平在150～2001x为宜;相应屏幕最照度为45～601x;提出了适应亮度是由人眼的视觉生理决定的建议;工作区屏幕亮度与文本亮度比一般为1/3～1/5;光源应选择荧光灯,其轴线方向与视线方向平行,且与窗法线垂直为宜;环境色以绿色为基调较好。
This article uses environmental psychology research methods to study the visual effects of visual display devices (CRT or VDU) environments. Through the actual measurement and subjective evaluation of the computer room, using mathematical statistics processing methods, the factors affecting the operator’s visual performance are analyzed. It is considered that the screen contrast C=f(E_1, L_0) is a monotonically decreasing function if the light source is neglected. Affected by the reflection glare caused by the image on the screen, the function of the screen contrast attenuation with the screen illumination is C=f(1/E_1). The positive contrast or negative contrast is monotonously reduced, but the negative contrast is slower than the positive contrast attenuation. CRT ambient illumination level is suitable for 150 ~ 2001x; the corresponding screen illumination is 45 ~ 601x; proposed adaptive brightness is determined by the visual physiology of the human eye; the work area screen brightness and text brightness ratio is generally 1/3 ~ 1 /5; The light source should be selected fluorescent lamp, its axis direction is parallel to the line of sight, and perpendicular to the window normal is appropriate; the environment color is better with the green tone.