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目的探讨中国城市2岁儿童饮食行为与父母体重状态及母亲喂养方式之间的关联性。方法根据孕前父母体重状态将儿童分为肥胖高危组和对照组,采用自制基本信息问卷,标准化《儿童饮食行为问卷》、《父母喂养方式问卷》,调查、分析不同家庭环境下母亲喂养方式与儿童饮食行为之间的关系。结果在成功随访的208户家庭中,肥胖高危组与对照组儿童饮食行为量表和喂养方式量表得分差异均无统计学意义。多重线性回归结果表明,母亲情绪性喂养与儿童情绪性多食(β:0.25,95%CI:0.09~0.42)、对食物的反应(β:0.35,95%CI:0.13~0.57)以及情绪性少食(β:0.33,95%CI:0.13~0.54)正相关。母亲鼓励性喂养在2岁时与儿童情绪性多食(β:-0.49,95%CI:-0.70~0.29)、总要喝东西(β:-0.40,95%CI:-0.71~0.15)及情绪性少食(β:-0.39,95%CI:-0.64~-0.14)负相关。结论父母体重状态不影响2岁儿童的饮食行为,而母亲情绪性喂养与鼓励性喂养行为在塑造儿童饮食行为方面起重要作用。对母亲的喂养行为进行积极指导,包括根据儿童不同性别和对喂养方式的反应区别对待,对于促进儿童良好饮食行为形成,促进儿童健康成长具有重要意义。
Objective To explore the association between dietary behaviors of 2-year-old children in urban China and their parents ’weight status and mothers’ feeding patterns. Methods According to pre-pregnancy parents’ weight status, children were divided into two groups: high-risk obesity group and control group. The questionnaire of self-made basic information, standardized questionnaire of children’s diet behavior and questionnaire of parental feeding style were used to investigate and analyze the relationship between maternal feeding style and children The relationship between dietary behavior. Results Among the 208 families who were successfully followed up, there was no significant difference in the scores of diet behavior scale and feeding style between high risk group and control group. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the emotional responses to maternal emotional feeding and emotional eating (β: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.42), food responsiveness (β: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.57) Eat less (β: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.13 ~ 0.54). Mothers encouraged to feed emotionally with children at 2 years of age (β: -0.49, 95% CI: -0.70 to 0.29), always having something to drink (β: -0.40, 95% CI: -0.71 to 0.15) and Emotional eating (β: -0.39,95% CI: -0.64 ~ -0.14) was negatively correlated. Conclusion Parental weight status does not affect the dietary behaviors of 2-year-old children, while emotional mothers and encouraging feeding mothers play an important role in shaping children’s dietary behaviors. Positive guidance on the mother’s feeding behavior, including discrimination on the basis of children’s gender and response to the mode of feeding, is of great significance for promoting the formation of children’s good eating behavior and promoting the healthy growth of children.