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目的了解宁波市食源性腹泻患者诺如病毒感染情况,为预防控制工作提供依据。方法于2013—2015年采集宁波市10家医院门诊接诊的食源性腹泻患者发病3d内的粪便标本2 129份,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测诺如病毒核酸并进行分型,分析不同时间、不同年龄和性别腹泻患者粪便标本的诺如病毒检出率。结果共检出诺如病毒核酸阳性113份,检出率为5.31%;GⅠ型、GⅡ型和GⅠ+GⅡ混合型3种感染模式的检出率分别为0.33%、4.88%和0.09%。2013—2015年各年检出率分别为4.58%、6.16%和4.90%,检出率未见随时间变化趋势(P>0.05)。0岁~、3岁~、5岁~和18岁~组患者诺如病毒检出率分别为11.48%、17.24%、12.22%和4.16%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。冬春季(10月—次年3月)检出率为14.75%,高于夏秋季(4—9月)的2.89%(P<0.05)。结论宁波市诺如病毒引起的食源性腹泻在冬春季高发,以GⅡ型诺如病毒为主,主要感染对象为婴儿和低年龄儿童。
Objective To understand the situation of norovirus infection in patients with food-borne diarrhea in Ningbo and to provide basis for prevention and control. Methods A total of 2 129 stool specimens from food-borne diarrhea clinics in 10 hospitals in Ningbo City during 2013-2015 were collected. The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect norovirus and the genotypes were determined. , Norovirus detection in stool specimens from patients of different age and gender diarrhea. Results A total of 113 positive samples of Norovirus were detected and the detection rate was 5.31%. The detection rates of the three infection modes of GⅠ, GⅡ and GⅠ + GⅡ were 0.33%, 4.88% and 0.09%, respectively. The detection rates in each year from 2013 to 2015 were 4.58%, 6.16% and 4.90%, respectively. The detection rate did not change with time (P> 0.05). The detection rates of norovirus in patients aged 0 ~ 3 years, 5 years old and 18 years old were 11.48%, 17.24%, 12.22% and 4.16%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The detection rate was 14.75% in winter and spring (October-March), higher than 2.89% in summer-autumn season (April-September) (P <0.05). Conclusion Norovirus food-borne diarrhea caused by Ningbo is high in winter and spring. It is dominated by Norovirus GⅡ and the main infectious objects are infants and children with lower age.