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目的观察个性化综合饮食护理干预对2型糖尿病患者的临床效果。方法选取医院收治的2型糖尿病患者100例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组在此基础上给予个性化综合饮食护理干预。患者均于干预前、干预后3、6个月采用糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)评估饮食依从性,检测空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平;于干预后6个月采用自制《2型糖尿饮食知识问卷》评估饮食知识掌握度。结果干预6个月后,观察组饮食知识总掌握率为92.00%,高于对照组的74.00%(P<0.05)。干预后3、6个月,2组SDSCA得分均改善,且观察组高于对照组(P均<0.01);干预后,2组FBG、2 h PBG、HbA1c水平均改善,且观察组干预后FBG、2 h PBG、HbA1c水平低于对照组(P均<0.01)。结论个性化综合饮食护理干预可有效提高2型糖尿病患者饮食知识掌握程度和依从性,有利于改善患者的血糖控制效果。
Objective To observe the clinical effect of personalized comprehensive diet nursing intervention on type 2 diabetic patients. Methods 100 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing intervention, and the observation group was given personalized comprehensive diet nursing intervention on this basis. Patients were assessed for compliance with the Self-Management Diabetes Mellitus Scale (SDSCA) at 3 months and 6 months after intervention, and fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h PBG), glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c). Six months after the intervention, self-made knowledge of type 2 diabetes diet was used to assess dietary knowledge. Results After intervention for 6 months, the overall rate of diet knowledge in the observation group was 92.00%, which was higher than that in the control group (74.00%, P <0.05). At 3 and 6 months after intervention, the scores of SDSCA in both groups were improved, and the observation group was higher than the control group (P <0.01). After intervention, the levels of FBG, 2 h PBG and HbA1c in both groups were improved, FBG, 2 h PBG, HbA1c levels were lower than the control group (all P <0.01). Conclusion Individualized comprehensive diet nursing intervention can effectively improve the level of knowledge and compliance of dietary knowledge in type 2 diabetic patients and improve the control effect of blood glucose in patients.