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天然气是一种无色无味无毒、热值高、燃烧稳定、洁净环保的优质能源,广泛用于民用、发电、汽车燃料和石油化工原料等。天然气是一种高效能源,发电率可达52%以上,比燃煤的能源利用率高出14个百分点以上,是目前最理想、最切实际、最具有前途的清洁高效能源。同时,天然气也是矿物燃料中最清洁的能源,主要成分是甲烷,完全燃烧后生成二氧化碳和水。与煤炭相比,天然气燃烧排放的二氧化碳减少52%、二氧化硫减少100%、氮氧化物减少81%、颗粒物减少95%。采用天然气作为能源,可减少煤和石油的用量,是解决环境污染问题的重要措施之一。近年来,中国对天然气的“饥渴度”正持续升高,需求量越来越大,供需矛盾则越来越突出。而这个趋势,也深刻影响到未来的国际能源市场格局变化。
Natural gas is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic, high calorie, stable combustion, clean and environmentally friendly high-quality energy, widely used in civil, power generation, automotive fuel and petrochemical raw materials. Natural gas is a highly efficient energy source with a power generation rate of over 52%, which is more than 14% higher than that of coal-fired energy sources. It is now the most ideal, practical and promising clean and efficient energy source. At the same time, natural gas is also the cleanest source of energy in fossil fuels. The main component is methane, which produces carbon dioxide and water when completely combusted. Compared to coal, the emissions of natural gas are reduced by 52% for carbon dioxide, 100% for sulfur dioxide, 81% for nitrogen oxides and 95% for particles. The use of natural gas as an energy source can reduce the amount of coal and oil consumed and is one of the important measures to solve the environmental pollution problem. In recent years, the “hunger degree” of China’s natural gas is continuously rising, the demand is growing, and the contradiction between supply and demand is becoming more and more prominent. This trend, however, has a profound impact on the future changes in the international energy market.