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以先玉335为供试品种,通过连续两年田间试验,研究不同施钾方式对春玉米钾素吸收、利用和产量的影响。结果表明,1/2钾作基肥施用、1/2钾在拔节期追施的处理产量两年均最高,且肥料回收利用率提高1.7~10.3个百分点,玉米的干物质量和钾素积累量在整个生育期表现最好。施钾可显著提高春玉米产量,钾肥分次施用比一次性基施的产量有所提高。钾肥追施次数过多、追施时期过晚对玉米产量和钾肥利用率的影响均不显著,且不利于玉米营养体中的钾素向子粒转运。综合考虑玉米产量、钾肥利用效率和钾素吸收利用等因素,1/2钾作基肥、1/2钾在拔节期作追肥为最佳施用方式。
Taking Xiangyu 335 as tested varieties, the effects of different K application methods on the absorption, utilization and yield of K in spring maize were studied through two consecutive years of field experiments. The results showed that 1/2 of potassium applied as basal fertilizer, 1/2 of potassium topdressing at jointing stage had the highest yield for two years, and the fertilizer recovery and utilization rate increased by 1.7 ~ 10.3%. The dry matter and potassium accumulation of maize were The best performance throughout the growing period. Potassium application could significantly increase the yield of spring maize. The yield of potash application was higher than that of one-time base application. Too much potassium topdressing, too late topdressing period had no significant effect on corn yield and potassium utilization rate, and was not conducive to the transfer of potassium to maize nutrient body. Considering corn yield, potassium utilization efficiency and potassium absorption and utilization, 1/2 potash fertilizer and 1/2 potash fertilizer were the best ways to apply topdressing.