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交通事故和跌落是儿童头部损伤的主要原因。为了解决单个儿童头部个体有限元模型开发周期较长以及儿童尸体试验极度缺乏的问题,以CT数据为依据,通过主成分分析和回归以及径向基函数的方法,建立了具有统计意义的、能够代表新生儿、1.5个月和3个月这3个年龄段的儿童头部有限元模型并通过试验进行验证。使用这3个模型对实际生活中3个儿童头部碰撞造成骨折的事故进行再现。结果表明:仿真中儿童颅骨上最大von Mises应力的分布较好地吻合了事故中骨折的特点,骨折区的最大等效应力远远超过了颅骨的近似失效应力10MPa,说明所建立的参数化儿童头部有限元模型要明显优于单个个体模型,并且能够较好地对事故中儿童颅骨碰撞损伤进行复现和预测。
Traffic accidents and falls are the main causes of head injury in children. In order to solve the problem that the single finite element model of the head of an individual has a long development cycle and the test of children’s body is extremely lacking, based on the CT data, a method of principal component analysis and regression and radial basis function is established to establish a statistically significant, Able to represent the newborn, 1.5 months and 3 months of three age children’s head finite element model and verified by experiments. The three models were used to reconstruct the accidental head fractures of 3 children in real life. The results show that the distribution of maximum von Mises stress in children’s skull fits well the characteristics of fractures in the accident, and the maximum equivalent stress in the fracture area far exceeds the approximate failure stress of 10 MPa in skull, indicating that the established parameterized children The head finite element model is obviously superior to the single individual model, and can better reproduce and predict the skull collision injury in children.