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目的了解广州地区大学生乙型肝炎知识、态度、行为的状况,为在大学生中普及乙肝知识、开展预防乙型肝炎的健康教育提供参考。方法采用自行设计的大学生乙型肝炎知识-态度-行为问卷,抽取广州市4所高校大学生共700名进行调查。结果57.7%的学生知道乙肝的主要传染源是乙肝患者和乙肝病毒携带者,只有22.9%的学生能读懂“乙肝两对半”结果;医学生绝大多数题目的知晓率高于非医学生(P<0.01)。30.7%的学生担心自己被传染乙肝;男生比女生,农村学生比城市学生更能接受和乙肝病毒携带者恋爱(P<0.01)。女生在行为方面做得比男生好(P<0.01);非医学类学生比医学类学生饮酒频率高(P<0.01),且在洗手卫生方面没有医学生做得好(P<0.01);城市学生在洗手卫生和疫苗注射方面优于农村学生(P<0.01)。经Pearson相关分析,知识、态度和行为3个维度之间呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论应针对不同大学生采取有效的健康教育,尤其应注重网络的宣传作用。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of hepatitis B among college students in Guangzhou and to provide reference for popularizing hepatitis B knowledge among college students and preventing hepatitis B health education. Methods A self-designed questionnaire about knowledge, attitude and behavior of hepatitis B among college students was used to survey 700 college students in four universities in Guangzhou. Results 57.7% of the students knew that the main source of hepatitis B was hepatitis B and hepatitis B virus carriers, only 22.9% of the students could read the results of “two and a half of hepatitis B”; the awareness rate of the majority of medical students was higher than that of non-hepatitis B Medical students (P <0.01). 30.7% of students were worried that they were infected with hepatitis B; boys were more likely to be in love with hepatitis B virus carriers than girls and rural students than urban students (P <0.01). Girls performed better than boys in behavior (P <0.01); non-medical students had higher frequency of drinking alcohol than medical students (P <0.01), and no medical student was good at hand hygiene (P <0.01) Students were better than rural students in hand hygiene and vaccination (P <0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between knowledge, attitude and behavior (P <0.01). Conclusions Effective health education should be taken for different college students, with particular emphasis on the publicity of the Internet.