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目的:评价参与式生活技能教育模式在受艾滋病影响的农村少数民族已婚妇女中的适宜性与有效性,为相关健康促进工作及政策制定提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法获得样本,对干预组进行为期6个月的多种形式健康教育干预,采用统一问卷调查,比较干预前后干预组和对照组少数民族已婚妇女对艾滋病的认识态度的变化。结果:干预后受艾滋病影响的已婚妇女对艾滋病认识态度明显提高,干预组妇女艾滋病知识、关爱态度、自尊量表(SES)、个人评价问卷(PEI)得分明显高于对照组。干预组和对照组艾滋病相关知识知晓率分别提高了59.28%和20.35%,干预组的干预效果好于对照组,相对干预效果为41.86%。接受过干预民族为布依族、苗族、水族和毛南族,妇女接受过艾滋病健康教育培训、丈夫接受过艾滋病健康教育培训、艾滋病知识得分低是影响妇女认识态度的正向因素,尤其对接受过艾滋病健康教育干预妇女的认识态度影响最大(OR=1.852)。结论:参与式教育模式是改善民族地区已婚妇女对艾滋病认识态度的有效措施。
PURPOSE: To evaluate the suitability and effectiveness of participatory life skills education among married women from rural ethnic minorities affected by AIDS and to provide evidences for related health promotion and policy making. Methods: Stratified cluster sampling method was used to obtain samples, the intervention group for a period of 6 months of various forms of health education interventions, the use of a unified questionnaire survey intervention intervention group and control group of ethnic minority married women on AIDS Recognize the change of attitude. Results: Awareness of HIV / AIDS among married women who were affected by AIDS after intervention was significantly higher than those of the control group. AIDS knowledge, caring attitude, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Personal Assessment Questionnaire (PEI) scores of intervention group were significantly higher than those of control group. The awareness rate of HIV / AIDS related knowledge in intervention group and control group increased by 59.28% and 20.35% respectively. The effect of intervention in intervention group was better than that in control group, and the relative effect was 41.86%. Women who received intervening ethnic groups are Buyi, Miao, Shui and Maonan, women have received AIDS health education and training, husbands have received AIDS health education and training, and low HIV / AIDS knowledge scores are positive factors affecting women’s awareness of AIDS, especially for those who have received AIDS Women’s awareness of health education intervention has the most influence (OR = 1.852). Conclusion: The participatory education model is an effective measure to improve the attitude of AIDS among married women in ethnic minority areas.