论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2011年蚌埠地区抗肿瘤药所致不良反应(英文简称ADR)的发生情况,总结抗肿瘤药发生不良反应规律,指导临床安全﹑合理用药,减少不良反应的发生。方法利用ADR监测网络,对蚌埠地区2011全年度上报的250例抗肿瘤药品的ADR报告采用回顾性分析方法进行分析、总结。结果年龄大于60岁的老年患者为较易发生不良反应人群;其例数为128例,所占比例为51.20%,40~49岁和50~59岁比例相当,分别占18.80%和19.60%,本次研究中小于18岁的人群中暂没有ADR病例的上报;男性患者使用抗肿瘤药发生不良反应的数量多于女性患者(148∶102)。抗肿瘤药的ADR表现:发生消化系统反应的患者数量最多为137例(占51.89%),主要表现为恶心﹑呕吐;其次为皮肤系统47例(占17.80%),主要表现为皮疹﹑瘙痒。有其他系统(主要为血液系统)反应的患者数量也较多44例(占16.67%),主要表现为骨髓抑制。一般ADR主要发生于用药后的1 d;蚌埠市区几家大型医院的抗肿瘤药物的品种数明显多于基层医疗单位;在六类抗肿瘤药物中,监测到以其他类抗肿瘤药发生的ADR发生例数最多,其中主要为铂类抗肿瘤药。结论各级医疗机构应继续加强抗肿瘤药ADR的监测工作,以减少抗肿瘤药的不良反应的发生,为临床合理应用抗肿瘤药提供参考,提高患者的生活质量;部分厂家抗肿瘤药药物说明书中标明的不良反应不全面,应及时跟踪更新,以提高药品使用的安全性。
Objective To understand the occurrence of ADR caused by anti-tumor drugs in Bengbu in 2011, summarize the regularity of adverse reactions of anti-tumor drugs, guide the clinical safety, rational use of drugs and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. Methods The ADR monitoring network was used to analyze and summarize the ADR reports of 250 anti-cancer drugs reported by Bengbu in 2011. Results Elderly patients older than 60 years old were more likely to have adverse reactions. The number of cases was 128 cases, accounting for 51.20%, 40-49 years old and 50-59 years old, accounting for 18.80% and 19.60%, respectively. No ADR cases were reported in people younger than 18 years of age in this study; men used more antitumor drugs than women (148:102). ADR manifestations of anti-tumor drugs: The number of patients with digestive system reactions was up to 137 cases (51.89%), mainly nausea and vomiting; followed by the skin system in 47 cases (17.80%), the main manifestations of rash and pruritus. There were 44 patients (16.67%) with other systems (mainly the hematological system) who responded to the disease, mainly showing myelosuppression. The general ADR occurred mainly in the 1 d after treatment; several large hospitals in Bengbu City, the number of varieties of anti-tumor drugs significantly more than the primary medical units; in six anti-cancer drugs, the monitoring of other types of anti-tumor drugs ADR occurred the largest number of cases, mainly platinum antineoplastic agents. Conclusion Medical institutions at all levels should continue to strengthen the monitoring of anti-tumor drugs ADR in order to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions of anti-cancer drugs for clinical rational use of anti-cancer drugs to provide a reference to improve the quality of life of patients; some manufacturers antineoplastic drugs manual In the adverse reactions indicated in not comprehensive, should be updated in time to improve the safety of drug use.