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目的了解海南省脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌型和对抗生素的敏感性,为临床治疗和流脑防治提供科学依据。方法用玻片凝集法和聚合酶链反应(PCR)对本实验室2010-2015年收集的分离自病人和健康带菌者菌株进行血清分型和基因分群;用药敏纸片法和E-test试纸条法进行14种抗生素敏感性试验。结果共有12株脑膜炎奈瑟菌,其中10株血清分型结果与基因分群结果一致,2株血清不可分群菌株经PCR检测为C群和B群。3株患者分离株中,C群2株,B群1株。9株健康者分离株基因分群为B群3株,W135群、Y群各2株,C群和不可分群各1株。所有菌株对氨苄西林、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、美罗培南、氯霉素、利福平、阿奇霉素、米诺环素均敏感。1株C群患者菌株对青霉素敏感性降低。83.3%(10/12)菌株对磺胺和复方新诺明均耐药。对环丙沙星、萘啶酸、左氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为66.7%(8/12)、58.3%(7/12)、25%(3/12)。结论海南省2010-2015年流脑的流行菌群是C群和B群,健康带菌者以B群、W135群和Y群为主。大部分菌株对复方新诺明、环丙沙星等磺胺类和喹诺酮类药物耐药。
Objective To understand the susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis and antibiotics to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment and prevention and treatment of. Methods Serological typing and gene clustering were performed on the strains isolated from patients and healthy carriers collected in our laboratory from 2010 to 2015 by using glass slide agglutination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The drug sensitive paper and E-test Strip method for 14 kinds of antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results A total of 12 strains of Neisseria meningitidis were obtained. The typing results of 10 isolates were the same as those of the gene cluster analysis. Two isolates of serogroups were detected by PCR as C group and B group. Among 3 isolates, 2 were C group and 1 was B group. Nine healthy isolates were divided into 3 groups (B group, W135 group, 2 Y group), 1 group (C group) and 1 group (C group). All strains were sensitive to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, meropenem, chloramphenicol, rifampin, azithromycin and minocycline. 1 strain C group of patients with penicillin sensitivity decreased. 83.3% (10/12) strains were resistant to sulfonamides and cotrimoxazole. The resistance rates to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and levofloxacin were 66.7% (8/12), 58.3% (7/12) and 25% (3/12), respectively. Conclusion The epidemic flora of meningitis in Hainan Province from 2010 to 2015 is C and B, and healthy carriers are B, W135 and Y. Most strains of cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin and other sulfonamides and quinolones resistant.