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早在一九二○年加纳尔和阿拉尔特(Graner和Allard)就发现植物的开花与日照长度有密切关系,并且依据日照长度对植物开花的影响将植物分成三种类型:长日照植物、短日照植物和中间性植物。由于自然界各种植物所处的地理位置不同,加上其它诸因素的影响,它们不仅对光照有不同的反应,而且在形态学和生物学特性上也往往表现出某些差异。
As early as 1920, Gardner and Allard discovered that the flowering of plants is closely related to the length of the sunshine and the effects of sunshine on the flowering of the plants divide the plants into three types: long-day plants, Short-day plants and intermediate plants. Due to the geographical location of various plants in nature and the influence of other factors, they not only respond differently to light but also show some differences in morphological and biological characteristics.